Fluid-pressure-operated tool.



PATENTED NOV. l2, 190?.

H. H. VAUGHAN.

FLUID PRESSURE OPBRATBD TOOL.

APYLIUATION IILED SEPT. 20. `1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET PATENTED NOV. 12, 1907.

H. H. VAUGHAN. FLUID PRESSURE OPBRATED TOUL.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 20. 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNIT ED' STATES PATENT ostrich.

llllXRY Il. VAL'tllAN, Ol CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSGXOR, BY MESNEASSLLXMENTS, TO

Tilt) PI'VFSBlTItt FNEUUAC COMPANY. Ol" CANTO .i mism'.

To ull zthom it may concern:

lle it known tliut llnxnr ll. VAUonAx, n citi/.en of the United States,residing nt (Shiengo, county of Cook,

`ential piston valve having rndiril surfaces, the shifting Stute oiIllinois, have invented :i certain new und use- [nl improvement inl-`luid-Pressure-Operated Tools,v und declare the following to be :ifull, clear, und exact description of the snuitsuch vits will enableothers skilled in the nrt to which it pertains to make und use t', OlilO, .it CORPORATION Oi." NEW Specification of Letters Patent.

Fntented Nov. 12, 1907.

Application tiled September 20.1901. Serial No. 76,975.

within which a piston is rcciprocztted the supply and exhaust ofpressure to it'sopposite sides, the supply und exhaust. o pre ..urcbeing controlled by n difierot' the vulve iron'. one position to theother being :1e-

.eontplished by exposing two of its rtitiiai surfaces to pressure in onediret-tion, while e. third radial surface ol' less' uren than the sinnoi' the two surfaces is exposed the sinne, rtfereuce being had `to theaccompanying drziwings, which torni :t purt oi this speeilicattion.

My invention relates in general to fluid pressure nc* exposed topressure in the opposite direction.

controlling the supply and exhaust of pressure to the l,

ends ol' the cylinder should be operated to out oft' the supply frontthe respective sides of the piston before it reaches the end' of itsstroke, and it is also desirable that the valve should be quicklyshifted from one position to the other, and when shifted, positivelyheld by ai preponderance' of pressure in each position until ient undprncticttl forni, and in which-- the piston reaches the predeterminedpoint in its` stroke,

when the supply 'and exhaust o fluid pressure to the respective ends ofthe cylinder should be reversed.

Fluid 'presurcoperatcd tools oi the cli-.mieter re- [erred to ure ofsuch power that if thc throttle vulve is open when the snap or die isout of contact,` with the object being worked upon, the. smtp will beviolently ejected front the cylinder und thrown a considerable suremotor -in which the supply' und exhaust opressure tothe respective t ndsof the cylinder are controlled by vn. piston vulve, the reciproeution ofwhich to -irs controlling positions' will be quickly und certainly:tecoinplshed and which when shiItt-d will be tirinly heid in eachpoeition un'til again shifted hy the piston reach- -iug the properpredetermined point in its throw.

A further object ot' my invention is to teiistrtitt n lluid pressureoperated tool of the churucter referred to .in which the iront end ofthe cylinder is nntoniuticully connected with the utinospliere when thesnap is not i in con-tact with un object, thereby preventing the rej A lL, the lauter being connected to t1 throttle valve B.

"l ciprocution o the piston towurds the snnp.

.'\ still further objet-t ot tny invention is to provide to pressure inthe opposite direction, the vulve when shifted being held in properposition by pressure upon one rudi-ul surface el greater area than '.1rudi-.il surface )ly invention lurther consists in n fluidprusureopeluted tool in which' :i sleeve ,surrounds trie iront end oithe cylinder und is nutoinuzic-.tlly nioved relstively thereto whenevertne snep is disengaged from nu object, thereby bringing .tn exhaust portinto 'register with tbe port in the troni. end o the cylinder so'thatthe pressure which itupels the piston into Contact with the snap isrelieved. I

The invention will be more t'ully described hereinztlter u'ith'refercnccto the accompanying ruwings, in which the suine is illnstntted asembodied in n conven- Figtne l is n. longitudinal vciticul section ofniy nvention token on line l-l, Fig. 1, thel parts being shown in thepositions they assume when the snap is in contact with :1n object; Fig.l' :i sectional View un line l"---l^l Fig. 2. Fig. 'l o.horizont-.tlsectional view of my invention token on line 2 VVf, Fig. l,looking in the direction ol' the arrows, the paris being in thepositions they assunte when thesnup disengaged Ironi an object; Fig. 3:in t-nlnrged cross sectional view on line 3--It, Fig. t; l"ig. 4 nset-tional View ot' the vulve casing and showing the valve in elevationin the position which it nssuines when pressure. is being admitted tothe rear end of the cylinder; Fig. 5 o. tiew siinilnr to 'l"ig. 4, thevulve being shown in the position in which pressure is :uliuitted to theiront end o t' the cylinder; Fig. t1- ;i perspective view of the pistonvalve; und Fig. 7 n longitudinal'. section ui the valve.

The saune reterence diameters are used to indicate the sumo purts in theseveral figures of the drawings.

Reference letter .'t indie-.iles the handle of the tool which isprovided witho. tnbuhir extension A." which surrounds the iront end ofthe cylinder t). A leve: A is pivotzdly supported in the handle A und isprovided with n lug u* adapted to oit-nge the end oi n vulve stem Aspring l53 retains the throttle .'nlvetiguinst its seat forint-tl in thehandle the opposite eno' .fi 'sur-l'i`sprirrb being supported upon :iplug B2 screwed withina.

socket formed in the lhandle .in nlineruent with. the

vul re seat. A passage B, which may he screw threadnd,

' 'der at'apoint a distance from its rear end slighti) greater than thelength oi. the piston, while the passage shoulder c beiug'forined at thepoint where the interior hollow screw threaded head G2 which isprevented from is formed in the handle A and is adapted to be connectedwith a. conduit leading to a source of fluid pressure.

A transverse cylindrical valve easing A is foi ined in I the valvehandle, 'preferably beneath the tubular extension A thereof. The valvecasing N is p -ovided with a series of passage-ways, a3, u, a5 and u,adapted l to communicate with ports in the outer surface of the front.end of the cylinder. The valve casing A: is also i provided with annularpassages u, a and r1'', the former of which communicates through aseries of nidi-.il passages with a chamber A in the handle'A, while thtIan htilr passages a and a2 located at either side of the passage acommunicate with the attnospbtfre through cxhalist ports. A port as isprovided in the tubular t-xtcn- I sion A near the end thereof for apurposc` subsequently to'be described.

Th'efrontend'of the cylinder C is located within the tubular'extension Ato which itis'secured by means of ailt'key c, the outer ends of said l'"y passing through elongated slots e in tho tubular ension so as to' permit a relative movement between the handle A and the ylin'der. Anysuitable means' may be used to retain the key in proper position, as forinstance ahead at one end thereof anll a dowel pin passing through theother end as shown in Fig. '3 of the drawings.

Aseris'of'passages,'3, c, c and c, are provided in 4the cylinder-Qtheends of which terminati: in ports in the ollter'periphery of thecylinder, such ports registering with the'passages a3, a, a5 and u inthe vulve casing A2 whenthe handle A is in the position indicated inFig/1 of the drawings. The passage c" leads directly to the itltrior ofthe front end oi the cylinder. while the passage 0 leads' to the rearend -of"the"cylindcr, such passages c5 and e6 affording communicationbetween the supply of lluid pressure and the opposite sides ol thepiston. The passage'ca lends to the intel ioi' ol thecylincommunicates'with the interior of the cylinderat a point located adistance from flmfurrmt end of the cylin- `ller slightly greater thanthe lenth oi the piston.

The rearend C 'of the cylinder hasl an interior diamo? terslightly'greater than that ol the cylinder, an annular diameter of thecylinder terminates and thatl of the end Ccoinruences. A ferrnle G issupported within the rear end f'the cylinder by means of a reducedportion of a ,diameter substantially equal to thc interior diameter fthe end 'portion C within which it fits and rests against the shouldert. A snap or die Il is supported within thel rear end of the cylinder bymeans of a ri duced portion ll fitted within the opening through Ilii-Ierrule G.' The snap is retained within thc ferrule by 'which is seatedwithin an annular groove iornied in the' 'interior surface of theferrnle near the rear end thereof. Thefront cud of the cylinderiselosctl by means ui a 'rotation within the end 'of the cylinder by anysuitable means, such for instance as a spring actuated bolt 0". AAspring l( is interposed between the closed en cl of the 'cylinder headC-y and the handle A and serves to relatyilyrnove the handle ant.rcylinder apart the distanci- 'jierniitted by the elongated slots aT inthe tubular extensin 'wheneverthe snap is disengaged from an object. Anair vent l: leads to the interior of the cylinder head C2 through theadjacent wall of the handle A. Within the opposite ends of the valvecasing A2 are located bushings E having closed outer ends and also.

l n l having7 chambers formed therein tor the piston valve,

Shallow annulargroovt s e7 and l may bc formed in the interior surfacesof the bushingsl' intermediate of thc` ports ea and ci, and r" and trespectively. l

The pistou valve comprises n radial projecting central flange D oneither side of which are'formed shoulders D and D'` of less radius thanthe centrally projecting flange, such .shoulders being formed byreducingr the ends D3 and D* of the valve which lit, within chambers liland ll in the bushings E. The end portions of the valve are hollow,being separated by a partition arranged substantially in ahnt-.ment withthe radial projecting flange D. A serie:l of ports- 1P and d* extendthrough the reduced holloiv end portions of the valve. A- series ofpassage-ways Ir extend from points adjacent' to one `side of the flangeD beneath the surface of the valve and terminate in the vertical face ofthe shoulder D', while corresponding,r pasmes il extend from the otherside of the central (lange D to tho vertical vface of the shoulder D.Shallow annular groovps may be formed in the valve at either side oi theAradial projecting flange l).

'lhe operation oi my invention is as follows; When the nap in thc` endof the tool is out of contact with an objet-, the .sprintr K expands andrelatively movcs thehande ani cylinder apart as indicated in Fig. 2,andtht-feby brings the exhaust. porta", through the tubular extension A,into register with the end of the passageway cf which leads to theinterior front end of the cylinder, consequently' should the throttlevalve lie held open when the tool is out of Contact with an object, thefluid pressure would .flow from the front end of the cylinder to theatmosphere and thereby prevent the piston from being.: thrown intoengagement'. with the snap. When the tool is to be used and the snapthereof is forced against an object, the handle slides upon the frontend of the cylinder the distance permitted by the elongated slots a7which surround the key c', such .movement of the handle compressing thesprint,y K, the air between the handle and the hollow cylinder hond C2escaping through the 'port k in the handle. Tho exhaust port a* passesbeyond and out of register with the pawge c", thereby cutting off thefrontend of the cylinder from communication withtlie atmosphere. Thelever Awheu oscillated unseats the throttlo valve l* and permits thelluid pressure to liow from the source of supply through the operiing llinto the` ilo chamber A-in the handle, and thence through-radial Iperiphery of the cylinder, thence through the passage c to the end ofthe cyiioder :tdjacent to the slorp. The pistou F would therefore heforced towards the handle l ofthe tool, Arnc pressure in the frontend ofthe cylino'er being exhausted through the passage cfr thence through thepassage Q5, thence through the ports c5 in the hushing E, thence throughthe ports el in the bushing to the exhaust port u1 extending through thevalve Las ing to the atmosphere. The valve is retained in the l0position described by reason of the annular flange D. which is exposedto pressure from the source of supply,

being of a greater area. than the vertical surface oi the shoulder 'D2which is exposed to the pressure passing therethrough to the end oi thecylinder. When the. .5 piston l" pass-estira end of theI p :wsage-rt'uyc, pressure -is admitted through such passage-way to the passage a,thence through the series oi ports d* formed through the hollow end D4of the valve and is exerted against. the area of the end. D" of thevalve, consequently the l valve is thrown from the ptsition indicated inFig. 4 to that indicated in Fil' owing to the stun oi the sirens of theshoulder D`I and the end D* oi the vulve being greater than the area. oftherannular flange D which alone is exposed to pressure from the sourceof supply actingto hold the valve in the position shown in Fig. 4. lWhen the valve has heten shifted to the position indicated in Fig. 5, itis rctrtinod in `uch position by the prt-usure from the source of supplyengaging the .30 let't vertical i'ucc of the nnnulnr thtngc D, suchsurface as above explained hciug greater inrtree. than the vertical faceof the shoulder Dwhich is exposed to the pressure passing to thc frontcnd of the cylinder. hy way of 'the passage a". ln this position of thcvulvc, thc ports c, which communit'ntc through thc pwisngcs a* with thcpnssnge c, are clust-d hy thc end D of the vzilvtl just us thc pero; v"wtrc closed hy the opposite ond D3 of tht: vulve whcn it wats in tht,-pt,A tion indicati-tl in Fig. Al, consequently whcn thc piston 40 l"passt-s tlnund of tht` pz 'sugo c wht-n moving,r toviu'ds thc handle, noprt-#ure cnn cscztpc vfrom thc roar vnd ot' -thtcylinder through lsuch psage r". With the valvtin tho position indicutcd in Fig. prcsiurc [lowsthrough thc scrics ot' passages 1F iront thc sourcc of a supply whichconnntmic'ntcs with the nnnular puxsngc fr. to thc pussztgc a5, tht-ucvto thc pnssagc fr" into thc front und of the cylindcr, thcrchythrowingthc piston towards the snap which it violcntly contat-I.` with topcrform the Awork dcsircd. 'l'hc ond ol' thc cylindt-r opposite to thcsnap at. such timtconununicntt s with the exhaust ports u2 hy inc-rmsot' thc p-.tssugzc c in thc cylinder and the pussngc u in thc vnlvccusing, thc ports c in thc httnhitn'slhcnco through thc ports c totheicxhauel ports u. Whcn thtpiston l" poss-cs thc, cud of tht.lpostage-way v3 prcssurcl tlows throh-h such pamgwway-into thcI1;.t-.-'-.1gt,w'rt t as. Ihcncc through theports c in .thc bushing E,tht-ncrto tinst-rit-s of ports d3, throgh thc hollow und ll ot' .thevulve und 'i015 upon thc :treu ol' thc 0nd U3 of tht' vulve, which 50ogvther with thc prcssnrc upon tho lshouldn-r il' over. lilantcet thc ptssurc actingv in thc opposite dircction tipo!! .thc vcrticnl surface ofthc unnnlnr Hangt' l) no :shifts the vulvc hut-k into tht-positionindicutcd in Fig. 4.- Thc shallow annular groovcs formt-d o n citln-r'aide of the flnugc D afford nwnns ol esmptoi any pressure which rn-.tylc-.tk nround the outcr ptrriphcrxi oi such ilnngtwht-n it occupiescithcr ot' its positions,

Mich shnllnw f 'rom'cs lit-ing ultcl'n-.ttt-ly in rcgistcr with thcports-c und "2 haulingr to thtcxlutnst ports o und ai rcspcctivclSimilar tnt-nus muy hc providcd lor allowing; thc exhaust ot ny prcsenrcwhich might lc-.tk pnsty thtt-nd portions ot thc vnlvc from thc ports :5nml t in thc hnshiny` .such cih-.tust tncuns` comprising'nnnulnr ,groover' und c3 t'ornwd utljncent to tho scrics of ports t3 und t. undcommmricnting with thc cxhrnst pnssugvs forint-d throughlhclorshingupartit-uhu atrrungcmcnt of ports und particular xntuns 'lot` controlling such ports for a rctprocntitn;- piston.

\\`hiltl l hrtvc tlcscrihctl mortor lcss prt-ttscly the dctuilsofconstruction L do not wish to lnundcnoood ,as limiting: myself thorcto,as I contcmpl-.ttc changcs in form, thc proportion of pnt-ts, ;\nd thesnhstitution of eqnivrtlcnts, us circumstunccs.muy Stiggt-st or r'cndcrexpcdicnt, without departing from tht spirit of my invention.

Having now fully described my ittt'turtion what l chtim as new, anddcsirc'to sci-nrc hy Lettcrs lntcnt.' is

L in a device of the uhztracter descritti-d. tincomLinnroo tion with .ncylinder, of :t t'ueipfocntn: piston thcrw-tn.

n \:nlvc casing huvm: supply :1rd lcntlinf.' to the lntt-rlorof thc. vton \':tlvc iocutt.d within nuit) c tu: und controlling thc portscommunicating thru-t th, s iti vnlviglmving n ccntrzri rztdlnl flangethc oppt surfaces ol which nrc ulterrinttly cxposctl to ilttitl prt-s.

irc from thc `:nppiy port. und

nit-:ms for permitting.' iittl'l prcssitrc to ilow from ontj :illicpointin snid vnlvtcasing locati-ti on thc opposite side tri-:n with :t\llntler.of :t rccprocnting piston thtrt'ln, u t'ztlvo casing lmvlni!-oppiy :intl --xhztnst porte# :1nd ports lt-ndlng ton vnivc ioc tctiwithin snti canin; :tud controlling the ports commu tratt t-:tdui thingtinopposttc surfaces of which Vnrtztlttrnztioiy cxposctl io ilnitl port.said voiri- :tlso having 11:.

Ilnlntcrior of thev cyilnticr. :i dilt-rt-ntlnl pin-A tting tht-rcnith,snit! vulve having.' :t ct-n irc from thtsupplyv tgt-s tin-rein tendingt'ront citht-r sitio ot' snid ilnngc through which ilttld presentoilows' lo the rt tiott with it cyiindcr having possngcs icndlm: to f tnopporsito curls :intl pats-sages. icnding.: to points nt prctictcrmlncdtiistztlit from lt` cutis; of :i piston :uhtptcd to rcciprot-iltnwithiti lmild cylndcr, u dltTt-rcntlztl pistou tolvc hut-ingrctiucmiomis :t cvnttnl rntliztlly projet-tlm.' linngc nnd two rgninliyprojecting sttrt': fotiti tion-.rc und thc reduci-d t-ntls ofthe vnivtuu. .valvics hctwocn the opposite shit-s of cinto" having :t chnmlwrcommunlcntlm; with tht` sont'tc',

of .supplywilhin which snit! ilnngc rcciproczttcx. such volvicosing:comprising chnmhcrs comnmoicnting willi the A pass-ngc# h-ntllnt; to thcopposite cntls ot' thc cylinder',

:intl within which thtlndlul surfnucs rct'lprocnlt. salti mirc casing;:two comprising eintmhct's winnuutticutlmr,

ugr-s icatding to points distant from thc cutis' titi nf thtcylinder undwithin wl-th thtretiuced t-ntis of thtvali'trt-t-iprotatu. substantiallyas,dtscrlbt-ti.

4. in a tiuid prt-satire opt-rated tuoi. thtcombination witii a cvliiidt-r, of it reciprocating piston tht-ruin. a vali'tcasing havingsupply anti exhaust ports anti portst-tan tnunit-atlng with Vtlitiapposite t-iids of tiittt'lintlt-r. said \:1l't--t-asiiig having at-t-ntral t'haiuht-r, t-hanilu-rs of it-ss, hurtthan :iiitlct-inntiinitatiiig with thtt-t-titrai t-batiibt-r. and und rhatilmrs oilt-ss hurtthan and t'taniiiiiuit'aliiig witiithtiitt-riiicdiattt'iiaiiilu-i's. anti :t tliiTt-rt-ntlai pisiuiiralt'iint'att-d in'saiti vairtcasing and controlling tht-' portstw-niiiiuiiit-ating tht-rt-witii. A ."i. iii :i 'litiitiprt-ssiirtoptratt-ti tuoi, tiitt'tiuihiiiation with a t-yiiitlt-r, of ait-t-iprot' t'asiiig having a t-riitral supply t-hiinibt-r aadtthan-bt-rs ni it-tiut-t-ti horn ict-att-tl on t-ithvi' side titsaidsupply chain- .iit-r and coniiiiiuiitatitig with t-:thanst ports aadwith passagt-s it-atling tu tltt` apposito ends of thtrlin'lt-r, atiifit-i'i-ntial piston virllut-ait-ti iii said \'al\tt'asit-,z antihavin'.r a t-t-iilrai radial tlangtatiaptt-ti in it-t'ipi'or.-ilt insaid supply ciiatiiht-r and outwardly tiii't-t'it-ti ratiial siii't'at'-on tl|li|-r sitio of saiti t-t-uti-al ilaiigt` lotait-tl iisaltit'liaiiibt-rs oi' r--tiiit-t-tl burr. salti vaivthariin.r passagestiit'i't-tiiitiiigii it-atiiii-.z iruiii i-illit-i' sidtttf saidt-t'iitrai iiangttu tiitradial surfacton thtoppositesitlttht-rt-tiffaiiti int-ans for rt-t-ipt'ut-ating salti \'al\'t-.

ti. in ii tiuiti pi't-ssurtopt-rattrti ttitil. thv. t-oiiibinatioii witha cyiiiitit-r` of :i reciprocating piston tlit-it-iii. a valrt' t'usiiighaving a t't-nti'ai supply cliaiiibt-r anti rliaiiilrt-rs ofrt-tiut't-ti lmrtlot'att-ti on t-itht-.r sitit` of said supplyt'iiaialit-i' aiiti t'oiiiiiiuiiit-atiiig with t-xiiaust ports antiwitli paasagt-s it-atliiig to tht` oppusittt-ntis of thtriliiitit-r. adit lt-rt-utial piston \'ai\'.tlocated in salti valvit'a. ng and .havinga t't-ntrai radial liangt-l adaptt-ti tt rt-t-iprtit'attin salti supplyt'iiaiiibt-i aad outwardly dirt ti radial stu'- liit-t-s uti t-ltiit-rsititof saiti t't-ntral llaiigtlut'att-ti iii saiti t-iiaiiiiu-rs oirt-tiiit-t-ti hurtiin-ans t'ur ttoiiirt-ttiiig tiitsupply t-iianibt-r ont-ltiit-r sitltoi' salti tft-iiirai latigtwith ports tin tlitoppositesltit-s ol' tht` tiangtivatliir.r la tiitiiittrior til tlitt-ylititlt-r,iiiiti nit-ans iur ift-t'iprotaliug salti Val\'t-.

T. in n titiiti prt-ssiirt` opt-ratt-ti tool, tiitcombination Iwith at-yliiitit-r. nl' a reciprocating piston tht-rt-iii. a ralvtraisingharing supply anti t-xliaiist ports anti ports it-:itiiiig totiittipptisittt-iiti nl' tii t t'ylintit-r. i tiii'i't-rt-ivial pistout'iiivtlutalt-d in salti raising and L'oiititiliing thtportst-oiiiiiiiinit-a'tiiig tbt-it-wlih. saiti \'a.i\'tharing a t-t-ntiairadial ilangttlitopposiltsurlat-t-s of whit'li artalternalt-iyt-:tpust-ti tti prt-ssiirtl'rtiui thtsupply pni't to rt-taiiilhtvairtiii t-:it'h position. saitl ralvtalso haring ii piii i'tility oiratilai stti'tat-t-s on t-itht-r sitit` of said t-t-ntrai tiaiigv,tbosttai nntsititatlupit-ti to htt-xpost-ti tu tiiiiti prt-ssurt-Ilowing to anti train tht `tzyiiiitit-r 'to iiiovttht-'valviagiiinst.pi't-ssiii'tt-xt-rtt-ii on tho oppositt-sitltuftiitt'tiitral tlangv.

vtrolling iiitsupply and exhaust of iiiiitl pressure through.

iutiti prt-satire admission passages; liitends of whit-h t'tiiiwissagt-sand salti 't-iiaiulvt-rn anti betwt-tai said t-hainbers itiitlt-.xhinist porta. whereby when tuitvalve-controlling )aussagtis opt-n to.its continuait-ating t-iniiiiiit-r the other valve-controlling passageitt' t-lttst-ti anti the t'haniiper t'uin :ulink-ating-tiit-i't-witiiruimt-rieti with :in t-x'iniust port, sithtttantia'iiy as ti-mt'rlbt'ti.

il). in a iiulti pi't-ssurtopt-rated ttmi, tiitt'oiiihiiiatlon with iirylintit-r` oi a t-t-t-iprut'uting piston tiit-rt-iii. aslt-t-vtitmgitudixiaily niorabiy inonnit-d nptai' said t-ylintlt-r andhaving u vaivtt-asiiig tht-,rein extt-ntlhig ti-aiisvt-rst-ly tti undiotat-ti ou tiiitsititti! the axis ot salti t'yliiitlt-r and a ,valveiii salti t'aslng atlaptt-d to t-ontt-oi thtsupply and t-xiia'iist tilliiiiti prt-ssui'tto tiitoppositsith-s ot' said fplsloti.substantially-as tit-st'i-iht-tl,

itt. iii a lluiti'prcssnrttipt-ratt-ti tool, thq ttaiiliiinitiuu with at'yliudt-i-ltttriug passage-4s ieu-.ling to prede-terminal' ting pistontht-ri-n. a raivt- :Y

points within the same and terminating at the onteiperipht-ry tltortof,at a reciprocating piston within said t-yilntlt-r. u sleevelongitudinally niovuhiy mounted on said cyiinticr anti having a valvecasing therein extending transversely to tlitn xis of the t'yiit-dcr,said valve casing haring ports adapted tn register with thc terminal ofsaiti passagiuii thc periphery of tlitcylinder. and a valttwithin saticasing controlling salti ports, substantially :is rir-st-riiit-d.

li. iii a rluitl prt-.usure upcratt-d tuoi. the combination with atgi'lintit-r having :in exhaust port leading from one t-nti tht-roof.ta' a slt-crc mountt-d un said cylinder und movable longitudinally withrelation thereto. said sleeve having an exhaust port adapted tu registerwitii said exhaust port lruni the tylintit-r wht-n saiti sleeve occupiesa given position rt-latirt-ly to thtcylinder', means -t-onnt-tting saidt-yiiiitit-r anti sit-cru tn liliiit thti-'t-iativc ioigitiidinainiort-inout anti tti pi't-rt-ut a relative rotary niort-- iat-nttlit-rt-ot, said nit-ans comprising a litr extending transverselythrough `saiti t'ylintit-r anti elongated slots in salti sit-eresurrounding the pi'tijt-t-tiii'g otitis c! tht.- keyv anti t-ngagt-dtht-rt-b saibstantiailyas tit-srriheti.

1L. in a iiiiid prc 'ure opt-rated tuoi. th tcoiiihination witha't'yliiider having a port loading through one end tht-reni. of ti.reciprocating piston in said cylititicr. a. handit` mounted on saidcylinder and longitudinally moviibltwith relation tht-retti, saidliaiidlthaving a'n exhaust puri atlaptt-ti to rogistt-r with salti portthrough the t-yliiitlt-r wht-ii the handle ot't-upies a given positionrelatii't-ly to tht` cylinder thereby opt-ning coniiiiunlctititm betweeniiii end tix the cylinder and iiitI atmosphere, sithsiantialiy astit-scribed.

Iii. in a devit'e of the character tit-scribed, the emuhlnation with acyliutler having a passa-,te leading tn one enti anti a passage lendingto a point at a predetermined dis tant-ttroin sniti enti, of a pistonadapted t`o reciprocate within said t-ylintit-r, atliii'ci't-iitialpiston valve having.; radially projet-ting surfaces. avalve casing having supplyanti exhaust parts and partst-omiiiuiilt-ntiug with the passages in thtt-yiinticr anti toiitrtiilt-dby said valve.

talttit' salti radial surfaces of the valve adapted t0 be t-xposvti topr-'ssure from the source of supply. while two otlu-r radial sui-fareslocated nii the side o! the iii'st radial sitrinttopposite tu the sitit`thereof exposed to tiuiti prt-sstirt` :ii'tadapted tu hc t-Xpnsed to prtsure passing lo thtworking und of said cylinder and front the workingt-nti liit-i't-ut' when tiitpiston uncovers `said paslt-atiii'igl tutiitprt-duteriiiint-ti point uf the end of iti t-ylindt-r. thc sitio tifthe two hitter surfaces lit-ing grt-att-r iii art-a than that of thelirst. substantially as tit-stt'iiit'ii.

1-4. in iiiilti prt-ssurtopt-rated toni. thtt-oinhinatinii with .-it'yIiiitit-r having an t-xhatist pui-t leadingl from one t-ntl tht-real.tif ti reciprocating piston in said cylinder, a'. haiitlhiiiuuutt-ti taisalti t-yliiitit-r anti longitudinally niovahltwith i't-iatitiiitiit-rt-tt. int-ans artiiatt-d by said liantiltatiapit-ti to opt-n saltit-xhaust port hy its niort-nient away li-oiii il'. t-yliiidt-r und toeitistsalti exhaust port by its niort-nient towards tiitt'yiliitit-r.

i3. iii a tit-victot the cIiarat-lt-r tiest-riht-ti, thtt-tunbinationwith a cyilntict, of :i rtt-ipi'ntfiitiiig piston in said t-ylitidt-i'.I

aid \'ai\'teasing having supply anti t-xiiaust ports it-.dg-` tti thet'yiltitii-r tiiititigii whit-li nitvtivtiluiti passt-s turet-lprot-att.- thtpiston whit-h are t-uiitroiit-ti by the valve. saidt-yinidt-r haring passagt-s t-taitroileti luv the piston niid whit-iiit-ati to thtvalve casing to rt-- t'iprot-ate tht- Vai-w. and saltivairthaving a Merit-s of art-as and tontrnliing.r surtiirt-s soreiatt-ti to salti supply and t-xlintist parts anti valve-controllingpassagt-s that tht` vulve is lit-iti in tiiitposition hy prt-ssurttronitiitsupply port anti wlit-ii in sut-ii position is ittiaptt-tl tohtmwst-ti hy t-xposurttu prt-sstirtfrom tht t-ylintlt-r iiuwli.,ittruiigii -tiiiiy oiitof said \'al\'t-t-niitrolling passages.

iii tt-sllnitiny wht-rt-tii, l sigti this spt-t'iiitatitni inprt-si-iit't` of two witnesses.

tll'li'lti' li. VAUtllN.

'itnt-sscs tino. l.. Wint-issus,

